Sorry - nobody in Qatar other then the police has the authority to take an animal away from it's owner. Even if you called the police they wouldn't do anything because the dog belongs to it's owner and they can do what they want with it.

The only thing you can do is go and talk to the owners and see if you can persuade them to keep the puppy inside. Explain that dogs die every year from being kept outside and that you are being disturbed by the barking. You can always threaten to complain to the police about the barking which might "help" them make the decision to either move the pup inside or give him/her up to you.