with any country's authentic license you can drive upto a period of 1 to 2 weeks maximum. after that you have to issue a permanent Doha's driving license, if you want to continue driving.
to issue a driving license here you have to go the traffic department situated in Madina Khalifa (town) and give a eye test, and after that you will have to submit few official documents and then later you can go for driving school etc...