Really sorry for your miserable condition, but since u r in gulf so unforunately, u should always be ready for such kind of nightmares. I've following suggestions:

1. If you have receipt of Visa Renewal (Debit Receipt of you card) with time stamp, then you may take it with you.

2. I really don't understand why captain isn't accepting your bank statement showing clear transaction at their counter. I would suggest to take a Qatari guy with u and then let him speak to them. It would definitely make a difference as hell of discrimination is here in Qatar (sorry to say that but its ture).