I would suggest you contact someone, preferably a female, near you now who has already done what you plan to do. While they probably can't comment on marrying an Egyptian national and taking up residency in Qatar, they would be able to address some of your questions, having lived it themselves.

Perhaps the local mosque has some sort of social aspect for those new to Islam.

As for being here in Qatar - Mandi covered most of the basics. There is a an ongoing case (years) here of a British woman whose son was taken by his father's (father was killed in an accident) family and they are refusing to return him to his mother. An extreme case? Yes, certainly. But also indicative of what might happen.