No need to take any exam, just make sure that your Dubai driving license is still valid when you get your residence permit and apply for Qatar driving license. However, I will advise you to get RTA clearance if you can before flying to Doha; before the MOI did not ask for me when I applied for my license using my Kuwait license. We are not sure this time if they ask so it is better to have clearance to be prepared just in case. When I was working in Kuwait previously, they confiscated my driving license and was asked for RTA clearance when I converted my Dubai license there.