Never hesitate to stand up to an idiot like that. You did the right thing. Some people are worse than animals. People like that also like to think of themselves as important, but in my experience anyone who begins a statement with "do you know who I am" is irrelevant and not worth knowing or fearing. The fact is that your employer does not want to see you get kicked out, and your employer is more powerful than some idiot abusing his dog.

Next time he loses his cool, tell him that he had either go back inside or you would call the police and tell them that he chased you while announcing his intention to molest you, making obscene gestures and shouting blasphemous words.