Hi Clara,
I am portuguese too and have been in the Middle East for 8 years. There is a big portuguese community here and you will easily fit in as both you and your husband are portuguese. The situation is much different for me as I have a British husband and we are therefore not included in their 'social lives'.
You will see for yourself how safe Qatar is and you can always spend time on volunteer work (for example with animals by helping support groups like Cats im Qatar or Dogs in Doha). You can do English courses online or through Institutions in Qatar. There is really a lot to do here in cooler months for outdoor lovers.

Send me a private message if you want and I can put you in touch with other portuguese ladies once you arrive.

Take care and Happy New Year :)